For a long time, Mac devices have been hailed as the more secure option than counterparts running Windows. Factors like a more closed software ecosystem, robust security features on board that discourage exploitation, and minimal cyberattacks in the headlines have reinforced the belief.
But are Macs immune to cyberattacks? While it’s true that their built-in security controls excel, no device or operating system is 100% safe from today’s security threats. Let’s look at some common cyberattacks that can affect your Mac and the tips on how to avoid them.
What cyberattacks are Macs vulnerable to?
Malicious software
Cases of malicious software, or malware, piggybacking on macOS vulnerabilities are on the rise. The fallout from malware attacks can range from irritating ads to hackers holding your files for ransom.
If you find this narrative far-fetched, here’s some food for thought. In 2021, analysts spotted new malware that targeted Macs, including those using the new M1 architecture, which is vaunted as literally “bulletproof” security-wise. The malware was hard to detect since it ran on Apple’s groundbreaking system-on-a-chip (SoC) and aligned with the processor’s runtime logic.
Trojan horses
A Trojan horse is malware that camouflages itself as a harmless program to trick you into downloading or executing it. Attackers can package Trojans as useful and popular software like a game, security update, or tool to increase the chances of installation.
For example, in 2023, researchers discovered a new Trojan attacking macOS users. It was packaged as a document with information on cryptocurrencies and was associated with a group known for targeting individuals or companies with crypto assets.
Mac users who fell for the hoax and installed the software unknowingly put their information at risk of exposure or theft. It could execute commands that gather information about your system and copy or delete data.
Zero day attacks
These kinds of cyberattacks parasitize undiscovered or unpatched weaknesses of Mac computers. Imagine someone gaining control of your system before anyone notices or identifies where the loophole is.
Any application or software platform can have vulnerabilities that attackers might exploit to infect a device, and the macOS operating system is no exception. For example, Apple often acknowledges in its patch announcement reports that attackers exploit specific imperfections on Macs and other devices under its umbrella.
You can prevent such issues through timely system updates. This helps fix security flaws before malicious actors get a chance to leverage them, and therefore, failing to keep your Mac up to date potentially exposes it to zero day attacks.
Man-in-the-middle attacks
A hacker can use this breed of attack to intercept your internet activity. This can involve altering communications, eavesdropping, or stealing your card numbers, login details, passwords, and other sensitive information.
Attackers usually target people who use unsecured public Wi-Fi networks by positioning themselves between the user and the open internet. The lack of encryption on such networks leaves you in the crosshairs, even on Mac devices.
The built-in security features will do little to protect you from this foul play, and you may need third-party security support like a VPN for the USA.
How can you secure your Mac from cyberattacks?
There is no such thing as a universal solution that does the trick. However, the following recommendations will put you on the right track to shield your Mac against today’s threats:
Updating software
One of the best ways to keep your Mac secure is through regular updates. Updates usually harbor patches and bug fixes that remove vulnerabilities attackers can otherwise use to hack your device. Updating all third-party apps is also essential, and you can make things easier by enabling automatic updates if they’re available.
Using hard-to-guess passwords
No matter how vanilla this may sound, unique passwords with enough randomness in their structure reduce the risk of brute-force attacks and help prevent unauthorized access. A good way to take the protection a step further is two-factor authentication (2FA), which requires a second form of verification on top of the password. Consider using the built-in iCloud Keychain to create and store strong, complex passwords for apps and websites.
Using a VPN
VPNs are the perfect solution to complement the security features of Mac devices. With a VPN in the USA, all data traveling between your Mac and the internet gets encrypted. Public Wi-Fis are top targets for hackers, so make sure you turn on your VPN before you start browsing. With a VPN for the USA, you get extra protection that secures your data and credentials, whether you’re shopping or banking online.
Turning on firewall
Firewalls help prevent unauthorized incoming network connections and block attackers from accessing your Mac over the internet or local networks. Mac devices also feature a stealth mode, which makes you invisible to network scans from potential attackers.
Avoiding unknown downloads and attachments
Most cybercriminals distribute malware using malicious email attachments or downloads from untrusted websites. The last thing you should do is download software from unofficial sources. Ensure you only get apps from the Mac App Store or trusted websites, and avoid downloading attachments or clicking on suspicious email links from unknown senders.
Limiting and revoking app permissions
Limit and revoke app permissions as necessary on your Mac. Scrutinize apps that want access to sensitive data like your location or storage. Limiting permissions will help prevent apps from accessing sensitive data and protect your privacy. Removing permissions from software that doesn’t require them for normal functioning is a sign of proper security and privacy hygiene these days.
Mac protection is the user’s responsibility, too
Apple has invested heavily in the native security of Macs, but let’s face it: these remarkable machines are susceptible to cyberattacks. Therefore, the onus is largely on you to protect yourself from evolving threats across this ecosystem. A multi-layered approach that makes the most of built-in security controls and involves good online habits along with additional tools like a VPN can make your Mac a moving target.